Indian Hindi Cinema and Queer Gaze: Presentation Of LGBTQ+ In Bollywood
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55938/ijgasr.v1i4.34Keywords:
Cinema, Gender Studies, LGBTQ , Film Studies, Queer Theory, Gaze TheoryAbstract
Cinema has long been a pillar of our culture. On a variety of subjects, it shocked, amused, inspired, and exceeded hopes and expectations. Film is also seen as a powerful tool for accelerating social change, subtly influencing society's way of thinking. Indian cinema is said to have different genres as they should appeal to a wide range of audiences. The topic undergoes constant paradigm shifts. Various epics, myths, tales, and retellings of side stories were shown at the beginning of the movie. The film then highlighted the ideas of the freedom movement and Gandhi's philosophy. More recently, true events have been incorporated and film actors have waged battles for social justice. In addition, through widespread publicity, they started enacting important changes that affected politics and other political dramas. The contents of the film are frequently taken from society and vice versa, and the term is used to designate a broad range of sexual identities, including non-cisgender. Without a doubt, the LGBT movement in India has benefited enormously from the movies. Like many other modern social movements, the Indian queer movement seeks to change society. a shift in our perception of sexuality away from seeing it as a passing phase. His objective is to dismantle the constructed barriers of predominate notions that characterize the typical adult's sexual world.
Downloads
References
Amala K.B et al., Accepting the Legal LGBT Visuals of Culture, 8 International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Technology, (2019).
Amber Tanweer, LGBT Rights in India, 2 International Journal of Law Management & Humanities, (2018).
Ananya Das, Analysis of LGBT rights in India, 1 International Journal for Emerging Research & Development, (2018).
Aniruddha Dutta, Claiming Citizenship, Contesting Civility: The Institutional LGBT Movement and the Regulation of Gender/ Sexual Dissidence in West Bengal, India, 4 Jindal Global Law Review, (2012).
Chatterjee Subhrajit, Problems Faced by LGBT People in the Mainstream Society: Some Recommendations, 1 International Journal of Interdisciplinary and Multidisciplinary Studies (IJIMS), (2014).
Dr. Madhurima Chowdhury, LGBT, Marginalisation and Human Rights in India, International Journal of Current Humanities and Social Science Researches (IJCHSSR), (2017)
Hall, K., Middle-class timelines: Ethnic humor and sexual modernity in Delhi, Language in Society, (2019). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404519000435
M. V. Lee Badgett, The Economic Cost of Stigma and the Exclusion of LGBT People: A Case Study of India, Human Rights Watch, the International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission (IGLHRC), and the United States State Department Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, (2014).
Zijah Sherwani, Youtuber Carryminati's roast video of TikTok was reported & YouTube took it down for using homophobic slurs, The Quint, (July 20, 2020),
https://www.thequint.com/neon/gender/carryminati-tik-tok-vs-youtube-roast-videoremoved-homophobia.
Aparup Khatua et al., Tweeting in Support of LGBT? A Deep Learning Approach, CODS-COMAD'19, (January, 2019). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3297001.3297057
Geetanjali Misra, Decriminalising homosexuality in India, 17 International journal on sexual and reproductive health and rights, (2009) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0968-8080(09)34478-X
United Nations (2015). The Concept of Third Gender. General Assembly Third Committee. Retrieved from http://tomun.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/The-concept-of-third-gender.doc
Foucault, M. (1981), 'Two lectures', in C. Gordon (ed.), Power/Knowledge, Brighton: Harvester: 80–105.
Mills, S. (2005). Michael Foucault, USA: Routledge.
Jaikumar, P. (2006). Cinema at The End Of The Empire. Duke University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1215/9780822387749
Dwyer, R. (2006). Bollywood's new dream: Indian cinema has a global future in its sights. Cover story. New Stateman.
Butler, J. R. (2003). Transgender DeKalb: Observations of an advocacy campaign. Journal of Homosexuality, 45(2-4), 277–296. doi: 10.1300/J082v45n02_13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v45n02_13
Russo, V. (1987). The Celluloid Closet. New York: Harper & Row.
Reddy, G. (2006). With Respect to Sex: Negotiating Hijra Identity in South India. The Chicago University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226707549.001.0001
Kalra, G. (2012). Hijras: the unique transgender culture of India. International Journal of Culture and Mental Health, 2(5). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17542863.2011.570915
Bakshi, S. (2004). 'A Comparative Analysis of Hijras and Drag Queens: The Subversive Possibilities and Limits of Parading Effeminacy and Negotiating Masculinity', Journal of Homosexuality, 46(3/4): 211-223. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1300/J082v46n03_13
Ishikawa, T. (1995). The Third Gender of India. Tokya: Seikyusha.
Saxena. P. (2011). Life of a Eunuch. Shanta Publishing House. 131-135
Halliday, M.A.K. (2004). An Introduction to Functional Grammar. (3rd ed, revised C.M.I.M Matthiessen).
London: Arnold. Kress, G. and Theo van Leeuwen. (1996). Reading Images: The Grammar of Visual Design. London; New York: Routledge.
Cohen A. J. (1999). The functions of music in multimedia: A cognitive approach. In Music, mind and science, (ed. S. W. Yi.), 53-69. Seoul, Korea: Seoul National University Press.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Neha Jain
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.